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Meaning and Objectives of Training! Meaning: Training is a learning process by which employees learn the skill, knowledge and ability required to accomplish the particular task or job. Training reimburse skills to present or new employees to perform task. It can be defined as the process by which skill, knowledge, ability or competency required for doing particular task or job as increased it helps to understand what to do?, how to do?, where to do?, etc by employees. However different scholars have given their own views about the training. In the words of Flippo, "Training is an act of increasing skill, knowledge and ability of employees for perform a particular job". In the words of Decenzo and Robbins, "Training is learning experience in that it seeks a relatively durable change in and individual that will improve his/ her ability to do a job". In short, training is a method or process by which old and existing  (new) employees are given more knowled

Meaning and Process of Learning! Meaning: Modern organizations are facing global competition. Further the rapid  development of information and technology has made the competition more and it has also made existing skill, knowledge, ability, etc worthless.  Therefore, organization have to follow a process or method to increase skill, knowledge, ability, competency, etc which is known as learning. It can be defined as the process acquiring skill, knowledge, ability and changing the behavior. It brings relatively permanent change in human behavior. In the words of SP Robbins, "Learning involves relatively permanent change in human behavior that occurs as a result of experience". "Learning is a human process from which skill, knowledge, ability, habits and attitudes are acquired in such way from which behaviour is modified". We can include that learning is a process of acquiring skill, knowledge, ability and bringing relatively permanent chan

Most Important Types of Motivation! Among the various types of motivation 4 most important types of motivation are as follows:  1. Positive and negative motivation If the motivation is classified on the bases of prizes or punishment than it can be classified into positive or negative motivation for motivating employees. In practice, maximum organizations give special importance to negative motivation which becomes provisional and critical to organization in many cases. Positive or affirmative motivation becomes durable and makes employees loyal towards organization. But, it is necessary to make balance between negative and positive motivation to create the most favourable results. a. Positive motivation If the motivation is based on prize and incentives for more excellent performance, it is called positive motivation. Bonus, prizes, promotion, recognition, challenging (not impossible) responsibilities, participation at decision making, etc are used to motivate individual

Characteristics/ Features of Motivation!  The most common characteristics/ features of motivation can be mentioned as below:  1. Psychological process  2. Complex and unpredictable  3. Continuous process  4. Whole individual  5. Goal oriented  6. Behaviour oriented  7. Pervasiveness  8. External influence  9. Different classification  1. Psychological process Motivation is psychological process which concerns with satisfying requirements. Requirements, motives and drives are leading power to motivate personal. For positively guided, intense and positive motivation, personal must be convinced mentally.  2. Complex and unpredictable Motivation is a complex process as different persons may have different requirements to satisfy. It is one of the complex task because managers have to understand their requirements personally. It is very strenuous to understand the level of motivation as persons may not display the real motivation in their actions. Managers can predict

Meaning and Importance of Motivation! Meaning: Motivation is the willingness to perform something to achieve organizational objectives and at the same time to satisfy personal needs. Motivation will make the type of environment in which and have a prefer to work. Motivation is an internal state of our heart and mind that activates, directs, and sustains our behaviour. It is an energetic strength that drives people to behave in specific ways. In an organization individuals are motivated by different factors. Some of the individual are motivated by monetary incentives whereas some are motivated to perform a task by challenging (not-impossible) responsibility. A motivated individual works hard and has self-directed behaviours for important objectives. In the words of DeCenzo and Robbins, "Motivation is the willingness to do something to achieve organizational objectives and at a same time to satisfy personal needs". In the words of Dale S. Beach, "Motivation can

Benefits or Importance of Socialization! Socialization is an important human resource process with a view to familiarizing new employees with norms, values, cultures and rules in the organization. Proper socialization becomes an important factor in influencing both employees actual job performance and how other people perceive it. The benefits of socialization can be explained as follows:  1. Develop mutual relationship Socialization process can easily helps to develop mutual relationships between new employees and old employees. It helps in understanding each other by sharing ideas and views. Effective socialization program introduces new and old employees and co-workers. The new employees feel confident and dedication towards work.  2. Good impression towards firm Effective socialization activities provides favourable impression about the job and the organization. The newcomers always expect opportunities for advancement and creative work environment. They become the re

Meaning and Purpose of Socialization! Meaning: The process by which individuals acquire knowledge, social skills and values to confirm to the values and norms of the organization is called socialization. In organization, it refers to the process through which a new employees learns formal and informal power structure and explicit and implicit rules of the organization. It makes new employees familiar or acquainted to the new environment of the organization. In the words of Decenzo and Robbins, "Socialization is the process of adoption that take places as individuals attempt to learn the values and norms of work rules." In the words of Garry Desselr, "Socialization is the ongoing process of instilling in employees that attitudes, standard, values and patterns of behavior that the organization expects." In short, socialization is the process by which new employees understand the company's policies, the internal culture, how the company hierarchy wor

Recruitment and Selection Practices in Nepal! A. Recruitment Practices in Nepal Recruitment is the important phase of human resource management. Nepal as a developing country has a slow phase of industrial development which cause the problem of unemployment. In fact, Nepalese market is lose and there is no shortage of human resource in non-technical jobs. However, Nepalese organizations are facing more problems to get technical human resources. The common recruitment practices in Nepalese organization can be described as under: 1. Source of Recruitment Source of recruitment is the area where by prospective candidates are located. Source of recruitment can be mentioned in following ways: i. Government Organizations Nepalese government organizations use the both internal and external source of recruitment. The civil service or government organizations follow the rules and acts specified by the civil service Act. The government organization recruits 60% from external and